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23/02/2022 6:20 am
Hello, the answers are following:
- Hypomorphic describes a mutation that causes a partial loss of gene function;
- Hypermorphic describes a mutation in which the altered gene product possesses an increased level of activity;
- Knockout describes a mutation of the DNA in a way that stops the gene's expression permanently.
Ekaterina Gribacheva and Benzol00 liked
24/02/2022 1:56 pm
Each of these terms is usually associated with a gene that codes for a protein. However, mutations can describe changes in regulatory elements. In any case, the interesting thing about these descriptors is that they refer to a phenotype resulting from a gene change. This descriptor differs from those that describe or refer directly to a change made to the DNA sequence.
A knockout mutation means one that creates a null allele. It is functionally equal to a gene deletion. However, a knockout mutation can be of several different types, including:
a) a point mutation (sequence-encoded), for example, a key amino acid in an active site of an enzyme;
b) a point mutation imparting structural instability;
c) a small deletion. either with effect a or with b,
d) a point mutation that creates a stop codon early enough in the gene to give a null phenotype
e) a small deletion or insertion leading to a frame shift, again early enough to give a null effect.
f) any mutation that interferes with the expression of a gene.
Ekaterina Gribacheva liked
24/02/2022 1:56 pm
In case you are not indifferent to the mutation in the cis or trans position relative to the gene of interest, you can find fault or continue. This (case) would be an unusual use of idea and word, but it could manifest itself in the context of the choice of mutants or screens.
A hypermorphic mutation follows the same reason: any mutation that confers a phenotype as if there were overexpression or over-activity (relative to the wild-type) of the corresponding protein.
Hypomorphic: less. Full zero is the most hypomorphic, so the use of this term implies some expression, but less than that of the wild type.
Ekaterina Gribacheva liked